Starting help for option trading

I have an Trading-Account (Margin-Account) at Interactive Brokers (IB) USA.
Here is what i want to do!


Now i want to do the following things:

1)For a FALLING Market > Selling Call-Option
2)For a FALLING Market > Buying Short-Option

3)For a RISING Market > Selling Put-Option
4)For a RISING Market > Buying Call-Option


Invest in these Markets:

a)S&P Mini
b)Dow
c)Dax
d)Oil
e)Gold


I need Help on the following Questions:

Q1) How much Margin do i need for each of these underlyings (a to e)? In which Cases (1 to 4) and with which underlyings do i have the biggest risk?

Q2) In which of these cases (1 to 4) is the price of such an Option - particularly affected - by a change of the volatility?

Q3) How can i calculate my Risk in all of these cases (1 to 4) and (a to e)? Could you give me an example for each?

Q4) Through which strategy can i reduce or minimize the risk?

Q5) What should I do, so that I may never get in the situation that i ruining my account? And that I never have to pay extra?

Q6) What would be the best way to Profit, if I have the Opinion that the "DOW JONES" goes down from now to about 6000 till the end of 2017.????

Q7) And how do i have to insert my ideas / trades into the "input mask" of IB?

Q8) What about the loss over time? I mean in case of buying a Put- or a Call-Option?
...how can I estimate these time-losses or schedule it? What is the best duration if I want a minimum Time-Loss (when i think my target will be reached in 6 months).

Q9) Do I need a data packages from IB for buying or selling Options?

Q10) Where can I get the Volatility and the Interest Rate for the option calculator from?

Starting help for option trading